Thursday, September 10, 2015

Journal Article



In Raymond's "Primal Therapy," he offers perspectives of how the building appears from various angles. From above, the form is nearly invisible, as the meadow "slopes down to spread horizontally out onto a terrace" (42). However, from the road below, the complex appears similar to an embankment or an "earthwork" with "large ocular openings" rather than a building (42-43). With these perspectives taken into account, Zumthor's design seems to speak even more clearly to the natural topography of the setting. Therme Vals fits perfectly into the environment. 

Raymond also remarks how the design is concerned with "digging and mounding up" and offers a ground perspective (43). The subterranean nature of the indoor baths helps to create a sensuous and luxurious experience which helps remove the individual from the outside world. In fact, visitors must travel from the hotel through a curving tunnel which turns 90 degrees and then another 90 degrees in order to achieve this dislocation or separation. The underground portion of the spa is a maze of light and stone, solid and void (44). Therefore, although the section may be understood as fixed, the individual may still wander and maneuver through the various halls and rooms. 


In addition, I learned that the entire building is divided by thin glass fissures so that each structure supports its portion of the roof. The consequence of this, is to give the appearance of a large mass broken into stone formations. He describes the concrete slabs as "structural lily pads...interlock[ing] as a canopy above a floor" which allows for channels of excess water between lower panels (44).    






Ryan, Raymund. "Primal Therapy." Architectural Review 201 (2015): 42-48. Print. 

Tuesday, September 8, 2015

Website




In the ArchDaily article "The Therme Vaks," the author includes a quotation by Peter Zumthor: “The meander, as we call it, is a designed negative space between the blocks, a space that connects everything as it flows throughout the entire building, creating a peacefully pulsating rhythm. Moving around this space means making discoveries. You are walking as if in the woods. Everyone there is looking for a path of their own.” 
I learned that negative space can produce a feeling of rhythm. I tend to conceptualize rhythm in architecture as repeated columns or arches, as a pattern of structure taking-up of space rather than a lack thereof. However, I am intrigued by the idea that highlighting or framing a space repeatedly can add a certain movement to a place.


"The Therme Vals / Peter Zumthor" 11 Feb 2009. ArchDaily. Accessed 8 Sep 2015. <http://www.archdaily.com/13358/the-therme-vals/>"

Documentary Film



The video emphasizes the alternation of empty and full space and the interaction of light as it changes depending on where the user is in the spa complex. The computer-generated model allows the viewer to see the complex as a composed unit of 15 or so solid shapes of different sizes. The monochromatic grey of the stone and the light reflecting on the water contrast nicely to produce a relaxing space. The video showcases how the simple elements of water, stone, and light on skin produce infinite combinations and experiences. The users' senses are stimulated by the various factors such as acoustic effects, the surfaces of smooth rock and grass, shades of light and dark, and differing temperatures. 




The Thermae of Stone / Peter Zumthor. Prod. Ni Co. Youtube. N.p., 10 Nov. 2010. Web. 
     8 Sept. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watchv=6uGcQAC0VUw&index=3&list=PLIrFBDhjWkaOuv0GP1o26t9GyKtMBS8by>

Google Earth View


Pictured below is the Google Earth view of the spa complex surrounded by the resort.


Therme Vals can be identified by the small square of blue and the geometric patches of grass. Notice how the buildings seem to be built around the complex, as if the spa was built before the hotel. Also, the aerial view deceptively displays the roof of the building as part of the hill. Therefore, looking from above, the viewer would not suspect a spa is burrowed inside the hillside. In addition, the complex is surrounded by forest and valleys spotted with houses. The grassy rooftop of the spa blends with the natural surroundings while the geometric pattern is reminiscent of the hard lines of the stone structure. 




"Therme Vals."46°39'25.1"N 9°34'40.9"E. Google Earth. Web. 8 Sept. 

     2015. <https://www.google.com/maps/place/Hotel+Therme/@46.6223232,9.1810124,609m/data=!3m1!1e3!4m2!3m1!1s0x4784e4a838601dbb:0x12f0eb544f0696f3!6m1!1e1>. 

Personal Drawing

Personal Depiction

Below is the final product of multiple attempts to illustrate an aerial view of the rooftop of the spa.




I was interested in how Zumthor designed the building to fit into the topography and geography of the setting. Though my poor rendition does not accurately show this, the roof seems to jut from the hills. The building seems to be set into the slope, suggesting that the complex is a natural extension of the environment. Another way Zumthor incorporates the building into the setting is by lining the rooftop with soft grass to mimic the flower and greenery carpeting the Swiss hillside. 

Print Sources

Print

"The beginning was easy. Going back in time, bathing as one might have a thousand years ago, creating...a structure set into the slope with an architectural attitude and aura older than anything already built around it, inventing a building that could somehow always have been there, a building that relates to the topography and geology of the location, that responds to the stone masses of Vals Valley" (Zumthor 23). 

Volume 2 of Peter Zumthor: Buildings and Projects showcases his work from 1985 up until 2013. The book includes 
stunning images of Therme Vals paired with relevant commentary from the architect. In other words,
I would buy all five volumes if they weren't selling for $400 on Amazon.  


Citation: Zumthor, Peter. Peter Zumthor: Buildings and Projects 1985-2013. Vol. 2. Zurich: 
     Scheidegger & Spiess, 2014. Print. 




Peter Zumthor: Therme Vals provides insight into the inspiration behind the concept. The book includes the architect's original drawings and plans of each element of the complex and offers explanations behind the design.   


Citation: Zumthor, Peter, and Sigrid Hauser. Peter Zumthor: Therme Vals. Illus. Hélène 
     Binet. Zurich: Scheidegger & Spies, 2007. Print. 



Wednesday, September 2, 2015

Interview with the Architect


Interview with Zumthor




"At the center of architecture, there seems to be an empty space. You can’t plan emptiness, but you can draw its boundaries, and so empty comes to life."



Source:

The Therme Vals / Peter Zumthor. Prod. Ni Co. Youtube. N.p., 12 Feb. 2014. Web. 

     2 Sept. 2015. <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DpkpiK4o-cw>




Exterior Images

Exterior
Exterior of Therme Vals with arrays of square windows

Exterior of the spa composed from layered slabs of Valser quarzite

Grassy rooftop with a swimming pool below.

Outdoor seating area overlooking the Swiss hillside

Outdoor swimming pool



The Therme Vals." Arch Daily. N.p., 11 Feb. 2009. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. 
     <http://www.archdaily.com/13358/the-therme-vals>. 

"Therme Vals." Homeli. N.p., n.d. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. <http://homeli.co.uk/ 
     therme-vals-spa-by-peter-zumthor/>. 

Zumthor, Peter. Peter Zumthor: Buildings and Projects 1985-2013. Vol. 2. Zurich: 
     Scheidegger & Spiess, 2014. Print. 

Interior Images

Interior







Seating area overlooking Swiss mountainside with large windows and plenty of natural light



Corridor in the spa



Indoor swimming pool with the Valser Quartzite strip walls.




"Therme Vals Spa Switzerland May 30th, 2008." Daily Icon. N.p., 30 May 2008. Web. 
     2 Sept. 2015. <http://www.dailyicon.net/category/life/travel/page/ 
     8/>. 

Tuesday, September 1, 2015

Architectural Drawings and Plans

Architectural Drawings


The drawing above emphasizes the original concept of the building as a field of blocks. 


Pictured above is a rendering of the spa in the middle of the five hotel buildings.

The image above contains sketches illustrating how users will engage in the various facilities.

Pictured above is a floor plan of the spa services available.

Pictured above is another floor plan of the facilities.




Sources:

"Thermal Baths Vals Floor Plan." Mehve. N.p., 16 Aug. 2015. Web. 2 Sept. 2015. 

     <http://www.mehve.net/ 
     933c2976e568e25e-thermal-baths-vals-floor-plan.html>. 

"Therme Vals Spa Switzerland May 30th, 2008." Daily Icon. N.p., 30 May 2008. Web. 

     2 Sept. 2015. <http://www.dailyicon.net/category/life/travel/page/ 
     8/>. 

Zumthor, Peter, and Sigrid Hauser. Peter Zumthor: Therme Vals. Illus. Hélène 

     Binet. Zurich: Scheidegger & Spies, 2007. Print. 

Introduction to the Therme Vals

Basic Information:

Name: Therme Vals

Location: Graubünden, Switzerland
Architect: Peter Zumthor with Marc Loeliger, Thomas Durisch and Rainer Weitschies Dates of construction: 1993-1996

Program:


Spa


Purpose and Function:


The spa complex in Vals is constructed over the thermal springs in Graubünden. Five-hotel complexes surround the spa. After buying the hotels from the bankrupt property developer Karl Vorlop, the villagers commissioned a hydrotherapy center to attract new visitors. 


Peter Zumthor designed the spa with a central concern in mind: "Mountain, stone, water – building in stone, building with stone, building into the mountain, building out of the mountain, being in the mountain – how can all the associations and all the sensuousness which these words evoke be translated into a building, that is to say, interpreted in architectural terms?" 


Zumthor answers his question in the final product. Designed to resemble a quarry, the building stands in harmony with the natural environment. The grass-laden roof paired with the "buried" position of the complex produces a kind of primal effect, as if the spa existed before the hotel and even the village. Composed of the locally-sourced Valser quarzite slabs, Therme Vals is an example of the essential yet basic elements of rock and water combining to produce a relaxing environment.